The Debatable Land Read online

parish boundaries ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  partible inheritance ref1, ref2

  Pattison surname ref1

  pele (or peel) towers ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11

  Pennant, Thomas ref1

  Percy, Thomas, seventh Earl of Northumberland ref1

  Pevsner, Nikolaus ref1

  pledges ref1, ref2

  poll tax ref1

  Pont, Timothy ref1

  Pott, John (‘Jok Pott the Bastard’) ref1

  Privy Council of England ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  Privy Council of Scotland ref1, ref2, ref3

  Ptolemy (Klaudios Ptolemaios) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  ‘pune’ ref1

  Pytheas of Marseille ref1

  Quintana, Nairo ref1

  Radio Cumbria ref1

  Radio Scotland ref1, ref2

  Ramsay, Sir Alexander ref1

  Reformation, English ref1

  Reformation, Scottish ref1

  reivers, origin of name ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  reiving season ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  religion ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  Ridley, Nicholas, Baron Ridley of Liddesdale ref1, ref2, ref3

  Ridley, Nicholas, Bishop of London ref1

  Ridley surname ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Rising of the North ref1

  Robert I (Robert the Bruce) ref1, ref2, ref3

  Robin Hood, legendary figure ref1, ref2

  Robinson, Henry, Bishop of Carlisle ref1

  Robson surname ref1, ref2

  Roman camps in DL ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  Roman forts on edge of DL see Broomholm; Castra Exploratorum; Curia; Netherby

  Roman roads ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15

  from Carlisle ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  on DL boundary ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  ‘Romany’ see Evens

  Rough Wooing ref1, ref2

  Routledge surname ref1, ref2, ref3

  Rowtledge, Isabell ref1

  ‘runners’ ref1

  Rural Land Registry ref1

  Rutherford surname ref1

  Salkeld, Thomas ref1, ref2

  Scots, language ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Scott, Sir Walter ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10

  discovery of Liddesdale ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Scott, Walter see Buccleuch

  Scott surname ref1

  Scottish Independence Referendum (2014) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8

  Scottish National Party ref1

  Scrope, Henry, ninth Baron Scrope of Bolton ref1, ref2

  Scrope, Thomas, tenth Baron Scrope of Bolton ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  ‘scumfishing’ ref1

  Selgovae tribe ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9

  Severus, Lucius Septimius, emperor ref1

  Shakespeare, William ref1, ref2

  shielings ref1, ref2

  Sidley, Sir Ralph ref1

  sleuth hounds / slough dogs ref1

  Smith, Rev. Joseph ref1

  smuggling ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  ‘Sorbytrees’ see Armstrong, William

  Sowerby, John ref1

  Spanish Armada ref1, ref2

  Stewart, Francis, fifth Earl of Bothwell ref1, ref2

  Stewart, Rory, MP ref1

  Storey surname ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Story, housing developer ref1

  Strabo ref1

  Stuart, Charles Edward, ‘the Young Pretender’ ref1

  Stukeley, William ref1

  surnames (clans) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  Taylor surname ref1

  Thatcher, Margaret, Baroness Thatcher ref1

  ‘thistle munchers’ ref1

  threpe (or threap) lands ref1, ref2, ref3

  Titullinia Pussitta, of Castra Exploratorum (Netherby) ref1

  to-names ref1

  Tour of Britain cycle race ref1

  transhumance ref1

  Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton (1328) ref1

  Treaty of Perpetual Peace (1502) ref1

  trod, cold ref1, ref2

  trod, hot ref1, ref2

  truce days ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  trysts ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Union of the Crowns (1603) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  United Kingdom European Union Membership Referendum (2016) ref1

  United Nations ref1

  Urien, King of Rheged ref1

  Vikings ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Villiers, George, first Duke of Buckingham ref1

  Virgin Mary ref1, ref2

  Votadini tribe ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Wallace, William ref1, ref2, ref3

  Walpole, Sir Hugh ref1

  Walsingham, Sir Francis ref1

  Wardens of the Marches ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  Waverley Line railway ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  weather ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  weather forecasts ref1, ref2, ref3

  Welsh, language ref1, ref2

  Welsh Annals (Annales Cambriae) ref1, ref2

  Wesley, John ref1

  Wharton, Thomas, first Baron Wharton ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Whytfeild, John, officer ref1

  Wiggins, Sir Bradley ref1

  William I (‘the Conqueror’) ref1, ref2

  William II (William Rufus) ref1, ref2

  Wolsey, Thomas (Cardinal Wolsey) ref1, ref2, ref3

  Geographical Index

  Aballava (or Avalana) Roman fort ref1

  Accrington (Lancashire) ref1

  Agned Hill see Bregion

  Aire Gap, Pennines ref1

  Alauna (Corbridge) ref1, ref2

  Albion (Britannia) ref1

  Alexandria, Library of ref1, ref2, ref3

  Algeria ref1

  Alston (Cumbria) ref1, ref2

  Ancrum Moor, Battle of (1545) ref1

  Annan (Dumfries & Galloway) ref1

  Annan river ref1, ref2, ref3

  Annandale ref1

  Antonine Wall ref1, ref2

  Archer Beck, stream (DL) ref1

  Archerbeck, settlement (DL) ref1

  Arfderydd, Battle of (573) ref1, ref2

  Armenians, ancient ref1

  Arthuret church (St Michael and All Angels) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Arthuret Knoll(s) ref1, ref2, ref3

  Arthuret parish ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  Arthur’s Bower, Carlisle ref1

  Arthur’s Chair, Hadrian’s Wall ref1, ref2

  Arthur’s Craigs (Lanarkshire) ref1

  Arthur’s Cross (Cumbria) ref1, ref2

  Arthur’s Cross Farm ref1

  Arthur’s Fountain, Tweedsmuir Hills ref1

  Arthur’s Seat, Tweedsmuir Hills ref1

  Arthurseat (Cumbria) ref1

  Arwystli, cantref, Wales ref1

  Auchinbetrig, edge of DL ref1

  ‘Auld Acquaintance’ (or ‘Hands Across the Border’) cairn, Gretna ref1

  Aveyron, France ref1

  Ayrshire ref1, ref2, ref3

  Badon Hill, Battle of (sixth c.?) ref1, ref2

  Bannockburn, Battle of (1314) ref1, ref2, ref3

  Barnglies (DL) ref1

  Barnglieshead (DL) ref1

  Bassas (Annan?) river ref1, ref2, ref3

  Beattock Pass (Lanarkshire) ref1

  Bernicia, kingdom ref1

  Berwick upon Tweed ref1, ref2, ref3

  Bounds of Berwick ref1, ref2

  castle ref1

  English capture of (1482) ref1

  Bewcastle (Cumbria) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  castle ref1

  school ref1

  Bewcastle House ref1

  Bewcastle Waste
ref1, ref2

  Binchester (Co. Durham) ref1

  Birdoswald Roman fort ref1

  Blackbank (DL) ref1, ref2

  Blackford, nr Carlisle ref1

  Blackpool Tower ref1

  Blatobulgium Roman fort (Birrens) ref1

  Blinkbonny (DL) ref1

  Bodleian Library, Oxford ref1

  Border fells ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Brackenhill, nr Longtown ref1

  Braidlie Farm, Hermitage ref1

  Brampton (Cumbria) ref1, ref2

  Branxholm Hall (or Castle), nr Hawick ref1

  Bregion / Bregomion ref1

  Bremenium (High Rochester) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Brettalach (DL) ref1, ref2, ref3

  Bridge Inn, Penton ref1

  Brill, Netherlands ref1

  Broomholm Knowe, nr Langholm ref1, ref2

  Broomholm Roman fort see Colanica

  Bruntshiel Moss (DL) ref1

  Buccleuch Terra Cotta works, Sanquhar ref1

  Burgh by Sands (Cumbria) ref1

  Burgh Marsh, Solway Firth ref1

  Burgh Muir, Edinburgh ref1

  Burnswark Hill (Dumfries & Galloway) ref1, ref2

  Cadgill, edge of DL ref1

  Caerl / Caerliol see Carlisle

  Calais, France ref1

  Caldbeck (Cumbria) ref1

  Caledonia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  Caledonian Forest ref1

  Cam Beck, Castlesteads ref1

  Camboglanna (or Camlann) Roman fort ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Camelot amusement park ref1

  Camelot Caravan Park, Arthuret ref1

  Camlann see Camboglanna

  Campbell clan ref1

  Camulodunum (Colchester) ref1, ref2

  Canonbie (Dumfries & Galloway) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8

  coalfield ref1

  kirk ref1, ref2

  kirkyard ref1, ref2

  parish ref1

  Public Hall ref1

  Canonbie Holm ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Canonbie Lee ref1

  Canonbie Moor ref1

  Canonbie Priory ref1, ref2

  Canterbury (Kent) ref1

  Carby Hill, Liddesdale ref1, ref2, ref3

  Carham, Battle of (1018) ref1

  Carham (Northumberland) ref1

  Carlisle ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24

  Albert Street ref1

  Arthur’s Bower ref1

  BBC Radio Cumbria studios ref1

  ‘Border City’ ref1, ref2

  Botchergate ref1, ref2, ref3

  Brunton Park football ground ref1

  ‘Caerl’ ref1, ref2

  castle ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  cathedral ref1, ref2

  Citadel ref1, ref2

  Citadel railway station ref1, ref2

  City Council ref1

  ‘City of the Lake(s)’ ref1

  Civic Centre ref1

  County Hotel ref1

  Devonshire Street ref1

  Eden Bridge(s) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  English Street ref1, ref2, ref3

  ‘the Fever Pit’ ref1

  flooding ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8

  Harraby Hill ref1

  Kingstown Road ref1

  Lowther Street ref1

  market ref1

  Millennium Bridge ref1

  plague ref1

  Scotch Street ref1

  Tullie House Museum ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  see also Luguvalium, Stanwix, Uxellodunum

  Carlisle local government district ref1

  Carlisle Plain ref1

  Carter Bar (Redeswire) ref1, ref2

  Carwinley Burn ref1, ref2

  Carwinley (Cumbria) ref1, ref2, ref3

  Castledykes see Lindum

  Castle Hill, Lancaster ref1

  Castlesteads, nr Brampton ref1, ref2

  Castleton, Liddesdale ref1

  Castra Exploratorum (Netherby) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  Cat Hill see Cadgill

  Catlowdy (Cumbria) ref1

  Celidon Wood ref1, ref2, ref3

  Chester (Cheshire) ref1

  Cheviot Hills ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  Chicago ref1

  Chichester (Sussex) ref1

  Clyde, Firth of ref1, ref2

  Clyde river ref1, ref2

  Clyde Valley ref1

  Cocclay rigge (Cockplay) (DL) ref1

  Colanica (Broomholm) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  Colchester see Camulodunum

  Copshawholm see Newcastleton

  Corbridge (Northumberland) ref1, ref2

  Corbridge Roman fort or settlement see Alauna

  Coria (Tassies Height?) ref1, ref2

  Craw’s Knowe (DL) ref1

  Criffel, mountain ref1, ref2

  Crow Wood, Arthuret ref1

  Culloden, Battle of (1746) ref1

  Cumberland, county ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  Cumbria, county ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  Cumbria, kingdom ref1, ref2

  Cumbrian Mountains ref1, ref2, ref3

  Cumbrian Plain ref1

  Curia (Netherby) ref1

  Cyprus ‘Dead Zone’ ref1

  Danube river ref1, ref2

  Day Holm, nr Kershopefoot ref1

  Deira, kingdom ref1

  Dere Street Roman road ref1, ref2

  Dinlabyre, Liddesdale ref1

  ‘Dodge City’ (Longtown) ref1, ref2

  Drownedcow Moss (DL) ref1

  ‘dry march’ (DL) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Dubglas (Douglas) river ref1, ref2

  Dublin ref1

  Dumfries ref1, ref2, ref3

  Dumfries Infirmary ref1

  Dumfries and Galloway, region ref1, ref2, ref3

  Dumfriesshire ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Dymisdale, Inverness ref1

  Dymisdale / Dimmisdaill (DL) ref1, ref2

  Eastriggs (Dumfries & Galloway) ref1

  Eden river ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  ‘The Edge’ see Whitrope Hass

  Edinburgh ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10

  as capital ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  transport links to ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  Empire State Building ref1

  Epiacum (Low Borrowbridge) ref1, ref2

  Esk river ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17

  as DL boundary ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  as national border ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Eskdale ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8

  Ettleton cemetery, Liddesdale ref1

  Ettrick Forest ref1

  Ewes, nr Langholm ref1

  Ewesdale ref1

  ‘The Fever Pit’ (slum clearance area) see Carlisle

  Fife ref1

  Flodden (or Flodden Field), Battle of (1513) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Flushing, Netherlands ref1

  Forth, Firth of ref1

  Forth river ref1

  France ref1, ref2, ref3

  Funeral Road, edge of DL ref1

  Furness (Cumbria) ref1

  Galloway peninsula ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Gallows Hill, Inverness ref1

  Gaul ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  Germania ref1

  Gilnockie Castle, earthwork (DL) ref1

  Gilnockie Hall (DL) ref1, ref2

  Gilnockie Roman camp ref1

  Gilnockie Station ref1

  Gilnockie Tower see Hollows Tower

  Gilsland ref1

  Glasgow ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Glasgow diocese ref1

  Glein (Glen) river ref1, ref2, ref3

  Glen
coe, Massacre of (1692) ref1

  Greateney see Gretna

  Greena Hill, Liddesdale ref1

  Gretna (Dumfries & Galloway) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8

  Gretna Green (Dumfries & Galloway) ref1, ref2, ref3

  Gretna Junction ref1

  Guinnion fort (Lancaster) ref1, ref2

  Hadrian’s Wall ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13

  as border ref1, ref2

  as tourist site ref1, ref2, ref3

  in Caledonian invasion ref1, ref2

  Haltwhistle (Northumberland) ref1, ref2

  Harelaw (DL) ref1, ref2

  Harelaw Pike (DL) ref1

  Harelaw Tower (DL) ref1, ref2, ref3

  Harper Hill (Cumbria) ref1, ref2

  Harraby Hill see Carlisle

  Hartside Pass (Cumbria) ref1

  Hartwisell see Haltwhistle

  Hawburnfoot (DL) ref1

  Hawick (Scottish Borders) ref1, ref2, ref3

  Haythwaite (Cumbria) ref1

  Haythwaiteburn ref1

  Hedderskale bog (DL) ref1, ref2

  Hermitage, hamlet ref1

  Hermitage Castle ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Hermitage Water ref1, ref2

  Hethpool (Northumberland) ref1

  Hewisbridge Cottage, Liddesdale ref1

  Hexham Gaol ref1

  Hibernia (Ireland) ref1

  High Plains Farm (Cumbria) ref1

  High Rochester see Bremenium

  Highland Boundary Fault ref1

  Highlands, Scottish ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Hollows (or Holehouse) (DL) ref1, ref2, ref3

  Hollows Tower ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Hoperichelawe, unidentified place on border ref1

  House of Commons, Westminster ref1

  Howend, Arthuret ref1

  Humber river ref1, ref2, ref3

  Hurvenburn (DL) ref1

  Ilkley (Yorkshire) ref1

  Ireland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Irish Sea ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

  Irvine Bay ref1, ref2, ref3

  Irvine Burn (DL) ref1

  Irvine river ref1

  Isca (Exeter) ref1

  Jedburgh ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Mary Queen of Scots House museum ref1

  Judea ref1

  Kelso (Scottish Borders) ref1

  Kershope Burn ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Kershope river (occasional name of Liddel Water) ref1

  Kershopefoot (Cumbria) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

  Kielder Forest ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

  Kielder (Northumberland) ref1

  King Arthur’s Well, Hadrian’s Wall ref1

  Kingfield Hass (Cumbria) ref1

  Kinmont (DL) ref1

  Kirkandrews church (St Andrew) (DL) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

  Kirkandrews on Esk (Cumbria) ref1, ref2

  Kirkandrews on Esk parish ref1, ref2, ref3

  Kirkandrews Tower (DL) ref1

  Kirtle Water ref1

  Lady’s Knowe, Liddesdale ref1

  Lady’s Sike, Liddesdale ref1